According to studies by the Centre for EU Transport Projects, rail intermodal transport in Poland is expected to increase to a level of around 3 million TEU by 2030. Meanwhile, in 2019 it stood at 2.14 million TEUs, while in 2020 the result fluctuated around 2.5 million TEUs. This development is to be supported by the implementation of the document "Directions for the development of intermodal transport in Poland up until 2030 with an outlook until 2040", which is the first comprehensive study on intermodal transport in our country. The document has been sent to the Ministry of Infrastructure, which will proceed with its formal adoption. This is because it is to form the framework for negotiations with the European Commission on the amount of support for the industry in the financial perspective for 2021-2027.
What is important from the point of view of sea ports, the CUPT points out in this document that the most effective solution, from the point of view of the development of intermodal transport in Poland, would be to subsidise this form of transport as regards railway lines leading to terminals which bring imported merchandise into the EU's customs territory. This makes the Polish State Treasury the beneficiary of customs duties and taxes (customs, excise duties and VAT). The four Polish seaports (Gdansk, Gdynia, Szczecin, Swinoujscie) have a huge share in this, bringing in 1/10th of the total revenue to the national budget. Priority should therefore be given to railway lines linking ports with border crossings in southern Poland.
Especially that the total handling capacity of all active intermodal terminals in Poland (there are 39 of them) amounts to 9 million TEU per year, out of which more than 4 million TEU is allocated to land terminals. However, it is the port terminals, including the Deepwater Container Terminal in Gdansk, as well as the Baltic Container Terminal Gdynia and the Gdynia Container Terminal, that have almost 60% of the total handling capacity, and the share of rail transport in servicing them varies between 25% and 40%.
- We believe that seaports are a key generator of intermodal transport, although several issues arise here. Firstly, the bulk of freight for the intermodal transport is channelled through the ports. Secondly, we pointed out that domestic production should be transported intermodally using the Polish ports. The east-west relation is not a priority which we should particularly focus on developing, and in the context of transportation, including domestic transport, we should involve the ports more, but also direct transport out of the ports beyond Poland's southern border, which is currently only carried out in trace amounts. We have bottlenecks there that do not allow efficient traffic flow and that have to be removed. This is discouraging. This is another issue that not only concerns rail hubs within the country, but above all the outward-bound movement of containers from ports. Other investments which are to improve the departure of containers from ports are also being implemented, such as line 201 to the Port of Gdynia, which should enter the construction phase in the perspective of 2021-2027 - points out Krzysztof Rodziewicz, Director of the Department of Transport Analysis and Programming at CUPT.
Polish port authorities are also aware that the growth of cargo handling is increasingly linked to the potential of intermodal transport, which will become a priority branch of freight transport both in Poland and in Europe in the coming years. The growing volumes make it necessary to construct logistics facilities that take this form of transport into account. With this in mind, the Port of Gdynia Authority has embarked on a project to develop the Western Port area of approximately 30 hectares, including the construction of manoeuvring and storage yards and an intermodal terminal within the Logistics Centre.
- Infrastructure investments in the Logistics Centre are also a key issue for the Outer Port project. It is about providing the necessary access infrastructure, both from land and sea. It requires the creation of appropriate facilities to enable efficient cargo handling - comments Adam Meller, President of ZMPG.
Article developed with Namiary na Morze i Handel magazine
phot. Namiary na Morze i Handel
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